

Moose
Alces alces
🫎
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Pecora
Cervidae
Alces
Alces alces
The Titan of the Northern Forests, the Moose is the largest living member of the deer family, famed for its towering antlers and solitary temperament. Moose were historically hunted by indigenous Arctic and boreal peoples across Eurasia and North America for their meat, hides, and bones.
Description
Moose (Alces alces) — The Moose is a solitary giant of the northern hemisphere, thriving in boreal forests, wetlands, and subarctic regions. Easily identified by its broad, palmate antlers (in males), humped shoulders, and long, overhanging nose, the Moose is superbly adapted for cold environments. Its long legs allow it to wade through deep snow and wetlands with ease. Despite their size, moose are excellent swimmers and can even dive underwater to forage for aquatic vegetation.
Quick Facts
Max Mass
Shoulder Height
Standing Height
Length
Diet
Trophic Level
820
2.1
2.5
3
kg
m
m
m
Mixed Feeder
Herbivores – Browsers
Hunt History
Moose have been hunted for thousands of years by indigenous groups such as the Sámi, Inuit, and various First Nations in North America. They were essential for subsistence, providing meat, sinew, antler tools, and hides for clothing and shelter. Moose populations are generally stable in many parts of their range, but local declines have occurred due to habitat loss, climate change, and increased predation or disease.
Zvejnieki Site, Latvia (~8,000–9,000 years ago):
Archaeological finds include moose bones with cut marks, consistent with butchering practices by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers in Northern Europe.
Scandinavian Peninsula (Mesolithic Period, ~9,000 years ago):
In Sweden and Norway, early human groups targeted moose as forests expanded northward post-glaciation. Tools like barbed bone points and early bows have been found near moose remains.
North America – Northern Great Lakes & Alaska (~8,000–10,000 years ago):
In regions like Alaska, moose remains found in association with Paleoindian tools suggest early hunting. While direct kill sites are rare, processing marks on bones (e.g., marrow extraction) provide indirect evidence.
Time & Range
Extinction Status
Extant
Extinction Date
Temporal Range
Region
0
BP
Late Pleistocene
Europe
Wiki Link
Fat Analysis
Fatness Profile:
Medium
Fat %
5
Est. Renderable Fat
41
kg
Targeted Organs
Marrow, kidney fat
Adipose Depots
Seasonal backfat, perirenal; marrow
Preferred Cuts
Long-bone marrow
Hunt Difficulty (x/5)
4
Historical Entries
September 1, 1926
Helge Ingstad
The Land of Feast and Famine - Portage
A dream of meat instead of fish is met with the killing of a moose. "Our chief diet had been fish. We never used salt or potatoes. It was meat we were longing for.
Our chief diet in the past had been fish. We cast out our lines each day, and, as a rule, we were able to catch enough for both ourselves and the dogs. But with boiled fish for breakfast, fried fish for lunch, and boiled fish again for dinner, in the long run meal-time began to lose something of its glamour for us. We never used salt; potatoes belonged to a bygone day. In short, we experienced no pleasure, sitting down to that sooty kettle of ours. It was meat we were longing for. Of course, we could hunt, but that required leisure. So we got along with simply dreaming about meat.
Then one day our dream became reality. We were paddling along a narrow stream which joined two lakes together. Wild ducks were splashing about in the water, and as I came paddling along behind Dale, I took a pot-shot at them. I brought down two, but to find them was not an easy task, for the reeds were so thick that the canoe could hardly move. I was pawing around in search of my game and had just found one mangled duck, when two shots echoed across the water. The only thing which occurred to me was that Dale, impatient over the delay, had fired his gun as a signal for me to hurry along. So I picked up my paddle and moved on.
Reaching the lake, I caught sight of his canoe way off under the opposite bank. What under Heaven was he doing way over there? As I approached, my astonishment increased to see him splashing about in water up to his knees. Peevish because Dale's uncalled-for behavior had obliged me to abandon that other duck of mine, I halted some distance away and asked disagreeably just what he had meant by it. "Come on and help me skin this moose!" cried Dale. — It lay where he had shot it, in three feet of water.
We began by devouring the heart. To be on the safe side, we took care of the tongue and kidneys in the same manner. After this we quartered the moose and loaded the meat into our already overladen canoe. In the bow we found a place for the head, with its mighty crown of antlers. The effect was decorative indeed. Then we paddled on till we found an attractive camp-site at the edge of a small river, and, with a sense of inner well-being, we spent the remainder of the evening puffing on our pipes and discussing the unbelievable good fortune which had suddenly come our way. But we didn't see Lion, Nagger, and Spike(the dogs) again until the following morning. At the place where the moose had been slain, they had stuffed themselves so full of meat that they had been unable to budge from the spot.
It was not difficult for us to wait with patience the three days necessary to make dried meat of the carcass. Since leaving Slave Lake we had scarcely paused for breath, and all our clothes were badly in need of repairing before it would be too late. We cut the meat into large slices and hung it from a tripod, under which we kept a low smoky fire burning constantly. On striking camp we were able to crowd most of the smoked meat into four dog-packs, so greatly had it shrunk during the drying process.
February 20, 1911
Vilhjalmur Stefansson
My Life with the Eskimo - Moose
The moose is not populous enough to warrant much hunting by the Eskimo.
Alces americanus Jardine. Eastern Moose. Tûk'tū - vûk ( Alaskan , Mackenzie, and Coronation Gulf Eskimo). Ko-gon (Slavey Indian).
The Moose is common throughout the timbered country all along the Mackenzie River, and has occasionally been seen north of the timber line near Richard Island. According to the opinion of old residents and to data collected by the expedition, the Moose is increasing all through the northern country as well as extending its range rapidly and noticeably. Owing to its solitary habits and the nature of its habitat, the Moose cannot be slaughtered wholesale as can the Caribou and the Musk-ox, and the northern Indians have decreased in numbers at such a rapid rate as to more than compensate for the increased killing power of their more modern weapons. Moose venture very rarely into the region of the lower Horton River. Mr. Joseph Hodgson, one of the oldest of Hudson Bay traders, says that in the early days, up to less than fifty years ago, Moose were very rarely seen east of the Mackenzie, and told us in 1911 that it was only within the past half-dozen years that Moose had been seen on the east side of Great Bear Lake. Moose are now fairly numerous on Caribou Point, the great peninsula between Dease Bay and McTavish Bay, Great Bear Lake, and on the Dease River, northeast of Great Bear Lake. A Coronation Gulf Eskimo from the region near Rae River (Pal'lirk) told us that he had seen two Moose (which he thought cows, from their small antlers) near the mouth of Rae River in 1909 or 1910. These Eskimo often hunt in summer down to Great Bear Lake and know the Moose from that region. Rae River flows into the southwestern corner of Coronation Gulf, and the Moose undoubtedly wandered here from the region around Great Bear Lake.







