Historical Event
Date:
October 1, 1774
Short Description:
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Lavoisier learns to isolate oxygen with Priestly and then realizes it combines with other materials during combustion, thereby overturning the phlogiston theory and bringing in the age of chemicals.
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Title:
Book:
Person:
Ketones: The Fourth Fuel by Travis Christofferson
URL:
Important Text:
"We must trust to nothing but facts: these are presented to us by Nature, and cannot deceive," wrote Lavoisier.
When he meticulously weighed different materials after they were combusted, h e noticed a consistent theme: they gained mass. To Lavoisier this observation implied that combustion was a process of transformation: the merger of material with air to create a n ew material. "Nothing is lost, nothing is created, everything is transformed," claimed Lavoisier.
A year later he published a memoir on the subject unequivocally demonstrating that the new gas--that he now called oxygen--was indeed the active component in the air that reacted during combustion. The publication, in a single sweep, spectacularly demolished phlogiston theory and sparked the "chemical revolution" that ushered in modern chemistry.
Ketones: The Fourth Fuel by Travis Christofferson