Encephalization – An Evolutionary Predisposition to Diabetes: A “Large Brain Hypothesis” explaining the mechanism of Diabetes.

Primates have proportionately three times larger brain as compared to that of other mammals of comparable size and humans, in turn, have three times larger brain as compared to that of all other primates of similar size. So we need to meet higher energy demands because brain is energetically expensive. This has a significant impact on our dietary patterns in addition to shaping of our body composition. Here we propose that our dietary patterns to meet our higher energy demands have been ultimately set by the instinct of higher energy intake and our larger brains have a stress effect on our metabolic organs (organs involved in energy metabolism like gut, liver, pancreas etc.). We discuss these two points from evolutionary (Evolutionary instinct) and physiological (Metabolic stress) point of view and argue that these two points explain the manifestation of diabetes primarily as a human disease and enhance our understanding of its mechanism.